What is defined as "reactive power" in electrical terms?

Reactive power is defined as the power that oscillates between the source and the load in an AC electrical system. It is not used for productive work in the same sense that real power (measured in watts) is used, but it is vital for maintaining the voltage levels necessary for the effective operation of the electric grid. In AC circuits, reactive power arises from the inductance and capacitance of the components in the system, which store energy temporarily and release it back into the system. This phenomenon is crucial for the functioning of electrical devices that rely on magnetic fields, such as motors and transformers.

Understanding reactive power is important for ensuring that an electrical system is balanced and operates efficiently. While it does not perform work in the traditional sense, the presence of reactive power is essential to support the necessary voltage, enabling real power to be transferred efficiently throughout the network. This interaction between reactive and real power influences the overall performance of electrical systems, especially in industrial and commercial setups.