What is the function of a transformer’s core?

The function of a transformer’s core is primarily to provide a path for magnetic flux. The core is typically made of ferromagnetic material, which enhances the magnetic coupling between the primary and secondary windings of the transformer. When alternating current (AC) flows through the primary winding, it creates a varying magnetic field around it. This magnetic field is concentrated and directed by the core, allowing it to efficiently transfer energy to the secondary winding through electromagnetic induction.

The effectiveness of a transformer in transferring energy from the primary to the secondary circuit relies on this magnetic path created by the core. Without the core's presence to guide and amplify the magnetic flux, the transformer would be much less efficient, resulting in significant energy losses.

While transformers are indeed capable of increasing or decreasing voltage levels and playing roles in power transmission systems, the core's primary and crucial function is to ensure that the magnetic flux is effectively managed and directed between the coils, facilitating the transformation of voltage levels between circuits.