What role do circuit breakers play in electrical systems?

Circuit breakers are crucial components in electrical systems, primarily designed to ensure safety and protect the integrity of the electrical circuits. Their main function is to automatically interrupt the flow of electricity when they detect a fault, such as an overload or a short circuit.

When an overload occurs, the current flowing through the circuit exceeds safe levels, potentially leading to overheating and damage to wires and devices connected to the system. Similarly, in the case of a short circuit, electricity flows through an unintended path, which can create a significant risk of fire or equipment failure. Circuit breakers detect these abnormalities and trip to break the circuit, stopping the flow of electricity and preventing potential hazards.

Unlike enhancing efficiency, providing voltage regulation, or converting AC to DC current, the primary focus of circuit breakers is on protection rather than improving performance or facilitating energy conversion. This makes them an essential safety feature in both residential and commercial electrical systems.