Which advantage is associated with hydroelectric power generation?

Hydroelectric power generation is associated with the significant advantage of not requiring fuel for its operation. Instead of burning fossil fuels, it harnesses the energy of flowing water, typically from rivers or dams, to generate electricity. This process utilizes gravity and the kinetic energy of water, making it a clean source of energy that produces no direct emissions, contributing to a reduction in air pollution and climate change impact.

Because it relies on a renewable resource—water—which is part of the Earth's natural water cycle, hydroelectric power is sustainable as long as water availability is maintained. Unlike fossil fuels, which can deplete over time and have a substantial environmental footprint from extraction to combustion, hydroelectric power generation taps into a continuously replenished resource.

In contrast, during hydroelectric power generation, there are no operational costs associated with fuel purchase, which can significantly lower overall energy generation costs in the long term, provided that the infrastructure and maintenance are properly managed. This feature makes it an economically favorable option in many regions, especially where water resources are abundant.